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Which of the simplest parasites lives in the human body?

Parasitism is such a form of interspecific interaction, in which the representative of a type (parasite) is partially or completely at the expense of a representative of another type (owner). Taxonomic list of parasitic forms that affect a person is extremely extensive

Parasites in the digestive tract

The parasites are located between arthropods, molluscs, worms, mushrooms, simple organisms and this is not the entire list. Pathrot bacteria and viruses, from a medical point of view, are also parasites.

In this article we will talk about parasitic forms of representatives of the Kingdom of Properties (protozoa). Parasites are always an unpleasant and undesirable phenomenon, therefore, to fight them effectively, you have to know as much as possible on them.

The representatives of the kingdom are often called unicellular organisms. These are creatures consisting of a single cell, which has a constant form, such as ciliati, or able to cytoplasmic movements, such as Amoeba.

Many protozoa are equipped with movement organs, represented in the form of a scourge, eyelashes or pseudopods. Their dimensions float from the microscopic to several millimeters. The organism cage contains a set of staff who perform functions similar to the organisms of more complex organisms.

The kingdom is represented by almost 15. 000 species, most of which live in the aquatic and soil environment.

However, there is a part of single -celled organisms that prefer a parasitic lifestyle. The simplest parasites of a person can cause a disease like protozoa, sometimes taking serious forms to death. Sometimes it is very difficult to get rid of the parasite in the body.

Protozoa has a protective mechanism: the transfer of adverse environmental conditions in an inactive state. The cell is covered by a dense and impenetrable shell, it turns into cysts and in such a non -receptive form it can be for a long time. The incest is also used by the simplest to distribute them.

Worms in the stomach

The difference in species

The simplest people of a person differ in the structure, the method to introduce them into the body and caused diseases. For the best structuring of information, the main material on the single -celled organisms is briefly presented in the table.

Some representatives of the parasitic protozoa in the human body, their brief description:

Type, caused diseases and systems of organs, subject to damage Symptoms Ways of infection, vectors Inficent stage of the life cycle of parasites The class is flageld
  • Leish-mania
  • Skin leishmaniasis or pendinskaya ulcer, visceral leishmaniasis or Kala Azar
  • The skin, the mucous membranes, the blood, the heart, the adrenal glands, the kidneys, the bone marrow
Cutaneous leishmanosis is characterized by the formation of necrotic ulcers on the affected areas of the skin. Visceral leishmaniasis causes acute inflammatory reactions from the affected organs, with ulceration and bleeding. They fall into the bloodstream with a bite of a mosquito, with its saliva. Vectors - warm -blooded animals, including humans; The courier is a mosquito. Promastigote (Flagellates Body Shape).
  • Lambia
  • Lambliosis
  • The mucous membrane of the small intestine, the gallbladder.
Enterite, allergies, asthma, depression, nerve disorders, cracks, dry skin, cholecystitis, etc. The faecal-hour path of infection through food and water. Vectors - warm -blooded animals, including humans; Carrier - Sinanthropic insects (flies, cockroaches). Cyst phase.
  • Trichomonas (intestinal, parenting, mouth)
  • Tricomoniasis
  • The large intestine, the parental parent system, the oral cavity.
Itching, burning in the genital area, discomfort during urination, abundant unloaded unloads from the genitals. Complications with the development of infertility are possible. Sexual path of infection; through the mouth; through the rectum; when the air inhaled; Parasites can be transmitted during the child's birth to child. A carrier and vector are a person. Any life cycle stage: flagellates (adult), aneboid (intermediate, more invasive), cysts.
  • Tripanosome
  • African tripanosomosis or sleepy disease; Tripanosomosis American or Chagas disease
  • Blood, lymph nodes, spleen, spinal liquid.
An increase in lymph nodes, pathological processes in the spleen liver, damage to the nervous system is characterized by excessive sleepiness and often a fatal result occurs. The disease develops up to two years. Enters the bloodstream during the bite of the insect with its saliva; When you pour blood. The carrier is warm -blooded animals, including humans, a carrier - a Moscow of Tseche (Tripanosomosis African), a Troomic bug (American tripanosomosis). Tripomastigote phase (characteristic of the oscillation of the membrane and the ability to move). Spore class
  • Toxoplasma
  • Toxoplasmosis
  • Nervous system, eyes, muscles, digestive organs.
The latent and chronic form proceeds asymptomatic; The symptoms of an acute form are manifested by the organs concerned. The most dangerous for pregnant women and newborn children lead to serious disorders and congenital pathologies, until the death of the fetus. Fecal-oral path of infection through non-transformed milk, meat; with insect bites; During pregnancy from mother to child. Tweets and carriers are warm -blooded animals, including humans. Cyst phase.
  • Plasmodium malaria
  • Malaria
  • Liver, red blood cells.
An increase in body temperature, chills, fever can lead to serious kidneys injuries, a nervous system, a fatal result is possible. Enter a person's bloodstream during a bite with a saliva of an insect; transmission during pregnancy from mother to child; When you pour blood. The courier is a person, a vector is a malaria mosquito. Phase of the Sportosoites (the final form of the sexual cycle of the Spori). Class of infusage
  • Balanidium
  • Balantidiosis
  • The mucous membrane of the large intestine.
The ulceration of the mucous membrane of the large intestine is accompanied by the diarrhea of the blood shirt and fatal results often occur. The faecal-orale path of infection through fruit, vegetables, unprocessed pork. The carrier is a pig, a bearer - Sinanthropic insects (flies, cockroaches). Cyst phase. Sarcodi class
  • Dystentery Amoeba
  • Amoebiasi
  • The mucous membrane of the large intestine, sometimes, the bladder, the skin.
Asymptomatic and demastrative form the shape of the disease. Intestinal amoebiasis manifests itself by bloody diarrhea and vomiting; Extra-wrecking amoebiasis is characterized by acute liver injuries, lungs and other organs. Path of fecal-oral infection through vegetables, fruit, vegetables; Anal sexual intercourse. The carrier is warm -blooded animals, very often, bearing beings - synthropic insects (flies, cockroaches). Square cyst phase -Core.

As a rule, for all the protozoa, a very complex and multi -stage life cycle is characterized by a very complex and multi -stage life cycle, which includes different in shape, degree of activities and functional stadiums of the stadium.

Unicellular organisms often occur from the simple cell division in two, but some classes, together with the division, are also inherent in a more complex reproductive process with the exchange of genetic information, for example representatives of the flagella class.

In addition, protozoa life forms are not universal for all classes. Various phases of the life cycle of parasites can take place in organisms of different species of animals.

Dirty hands - a source of parasitic infection

Therefore, some of them are constant owners, vectors of the parasite, while others play the role of a carrier of infection. In addition, the individual phases of the life cycle can take place within the same individual, but in different organs.

The symptoms of the invasion depend on the stadium of the life cycle of the parasite, on the resistance of the human body, on the degree of infection and location. Often the disease is accompanied by non -specific symptoms, due to which the diagnosis of infection with protozoa is always extremely difficult.

According to the latest WHO data, over 1 billion people are infected with parasites. The worst thing is that parasites are extremely difficult to detect.

  • nervousness, weakness, sleepiness;
  • frequent headache;
  • itching, allergic reactions;
  • smell from the mouth, plaque on the teeth and language;
  • change in body weight;
  • diarrhea, constipation and pain in the stomach;
  • Exacerbation of chronic diseases.

All these are possible signs of parasites in your body. Parasites are very dangerous, they can lead to fatal diseases. Diseases caused by parasites take on a chronic form.